From E-Government to Digital Government: SmartASN as a Sustainable Digital Innovation in Indonesia’s Public Sector
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/pas.v2i1.23Keywords:
Digital Government, Indonesia, Public Sector Innovation , SmartASN, SustainabilityAbstract
Research aims: The SmartASN was launched as a digital innovation in Indonesia’s public sector to facilitate the transition from e-government to digital government. This current study examines this integration process guided by the Digital Government Policy Framework proposed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employs a qualitative method, analysing secondary data from official reports, journals, and mass media using the interactive model and NVivo 12 Plus software.
Research findings: The study found six characteristics of the SmartASN helping this transition process: (1) Digital-by-design—using modern, interactive interfaces optimised for user accessibility across platforms; (2) Data-driven—using integrated data from multiple government agencies for personalized and efficient service delivery; (3) Government as a platform—providing a centralized, accessible system for delivering public services; (4) Open-by-default—ensuring transparency and trust through accessible and accountable information sharing; (5) User-driven—offering tailored, user-centric services based on preferences and feedback for continuous improvement; and (6) Proactive—anticipating user needs and enhancing efficiency through advanced technologies.
Theoretical contribution/Originality: These findings contribute to understanding digital innovation in public sector governance, demonstrating how SmartASN aligns with global digital government principles and the importance of user-centred design and transparency in public sustainability.
Practitioner/Policy implication: Policymakers can use these findings to use digital tools to enhance citizen engagement and service delivery.
References
Abdurrahman. (2023). Mengenal Aplikasi SmartASN yang Bisa Membuat Aparatur Sipil Negara Makin Smart?. Klikpendidikan.id. https://www.klikpendidikan.id/news/pr-3587483746/mengenal-aplikasi-smartasn-yang-bisa-membuat-aparatur-sipil-negara-makin-smart
Adiazmil. S. A., Hidayat. M., & Basuil, D. A. (2024). Strategic Human Resource Planning in the Era of Digital Transformation. Management Studies and Business Journal (PRODUCTIVITY) 1(1), 130–37. https://doi.org/10.62207/q7158p72
Alfayn, M. A. N. (2022). From E-Government to Good Governance: Examining the Impact of Digitalization on Public Service Delivery in Indonesia. JPW (Jurnal Politik Walisongo), 4(2), 19-40. https://doi.org/10.21580/jpw.v4i2.14873
Al Maazmi, A., Piya, S., & Araci, Z. C. (2024). Exploring the Critical Success Factors Influencing the Outcome of Digital Transformation Initiatives in Government Organizations. Systems, 12(12), 524.. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12120524
Apleni, A., & Smuts, H. (2020). An e-government implementation framework: A developing country case study. In Responsible Design, Implementation and Use of Information and Communication Technology: 19th IFIP WG 6.11 Conference on e-Business, e-Services, and e-Society, I3E 2020, Skukuza, South Africa, April 6–8, 2020, Proceedings, Part II 19, 15-27. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45002-1_2
Aryanti, K. A. F., Sukarsa, I. M., & Susila, A. A. N. H. (2021). The Study of E-government Implementation in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Merpati (Menara Penelitian Akademika Teknologi Informasi), 10(1), 1.. https://doi.org/10.24843/jim.2022.v10.i01.p01
Azzahra, F., & Sari, A. P. (2023). Sambut Budaya Kerja Digital di IKN, Kemenpan-RB Integrasikan Sistem Manajemen ASN. Kompass.com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2023/10/25/16034111/sambut-budaya-kerja-digital-di-ikn-kemenpan-rb-integrasikan-sistem-manajemen?page=all
Bansal, A., Panchal, T., Jabeen, F., Mangla, S. K., & Singh, G. (2023). A study of human resource digital transformation (HRDT): A phenomenon of innovation capability led by digital and individual factors. Journal of Business Research, 157, 113611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113611
Cao, C., Zeng, D., Wan, Q., & Li, Y. (2024). Employee satisfaction and digital transformation: Evidence from China’s Top 100 Best Employers list. Journal of Asian Economics, 94, 101791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asieco.2024.101791
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. In SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte.Ltd. 3 Church Street.
Dabić, M., Maley, J. F., Švarc, J., & Poček, J. (2023). Future of digital work: Challenges for sustainable human resources management. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 8(2), 100353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2023.100353
Dewi, A. P. (2023). SmartASN: Inovasi Baru Pemerintah untuk Pengembangan ASN melalui Platform Interaktif, Ini Fiturnya!. Pojoksatu. https://www.pojoksatu.id/edugov/1083310865/smartasn-inovasi-baru-pemerintah-untuk-pengembangan-asn-melalui-platform-interaktif-ini-fiturnya
Dollah, S., Abduh, A., & Rosmaladewi, M. (2017). Benefits and Drawbacks of NVivo QSR Application. 2nd International Conference on Education, Science, and Technology (ICEST 2017), November, 61–63. https://doi.org/10.2991/icest-17.2017.21
Faedlulloh, D., Maarif, S., Meutia, I. F., & Yulianti, D. (2020). Birokrasi dan revolusi industri 4.0: Mencegah Smart ASN menjadi mitos dalam agenda reformasi birokrasi Indonesia. Jurnal Borneo Administrator, 16(3), 313-336. https://doi.org/10.24258/jba.v16i3.736
Farida, I., & and Lestari, A. (2021). Implementation of E-Government as a Public Service Innovation in Indonesia. RUDN Journal of Public Administration 8(1):72–79. https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-1-72-79
Firmansyah, H. (2023). SMART, Portal Transformasi Layanan dan Manajemen Kepegawaian Diluncurkan BKPSDM Majalengka. TIMES Indonesia. https://jabar.times.co.id/news/berita/foupj7bst2/SMART-Portal-Transformasi-Layanan-dan-Manajemen-Kepegawaian-Diluncurkan-BKPSDM-Majalengka
Guerra, José Manuel Montero, Danvila-del-Valle, Ignacio, & Méndez-Suárez, Mariano. (2023). The impact of digital transformation on talent management. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 188(October 2022), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.122291
Ha, H., & Chuah, C. P. (2023). Digital economy in Southeast Asia: challenges, opportunities and future development. Southeast Asia: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 23(1), 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1108/seamj-02-2023-0023
Hazineh, S. A., Eleyan, D., & Alkhateeb, M. (2022). E-government: Limitations and challenges: A general framework to consider in both developed and developing countries. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Res, 11(1).
Herdiana, D. (2021). Indonesia’s Digital Society: Challenges and Prospects. Proceeding ICPSH 2020- Navigating Global Society in the Disruptive Era, 77-85. Universitas Jendral Soedirman.
Herispon, H., & Anuar, S. (2023). The Pressure of the Covid-19 Pandemic, Digitalization, and the Classic Problems of MSMEs in Indonesia. ADPEBI International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(1), 50-62. https://doi.org/10.54099/aijbs.v3i1.531
Kaiser, Z. A. (2024). Smart governance for smart cities and nations. Journal of Economy and Technology, 2, 216-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ject.2024.07.003
Kencana, M. R. B. (2022). PNS Bebas Kembangkan Diri dan Picu Kompetensi lewat Aplikasi SmartASN. Liputan6. https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/5203990/pns-bebas-kembangkan-diri-dan-picu-kompetensi-lewat-aplikasi-smartasn
Liana, Y. (2023). Pemerintah Luncurkan Platform Berbasis Digital SmartASN demi Mempermudah Manajemen pada Instansi ASN. Klikpendidikan.Id. https://www.klikpendidikan.id/news/35810619839/pemerintah-luncurkan-platform-berbasis-digital-smartasn-demi-mempermudah-manajemen-pada-instansi-asn
Mabinane, L. T. (2023). Redefining the Concept of e-Government Program. A Review of the Literature. Qeios. https://doi.org/10.32388/5ufzyr
Martins, Fellipe Silva, Cunha, Júlio Araujo Carneiro da, & Serra, Fernando Antonio Ribeiro. (2018). Secondary Data in Research – Uses and Opportunities. Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia: Iberoamerican Journal of Strategic Management , 17(04). https://doi.org/10.5585/riae.v17i4.2723
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook Edition. In California: SAGE Publication, Inc.
Mutiarin, D., Khaerah, N., Nyssa, A. V. I., & Nasrulhaq, N. (2024). E-government development: Catalysing agile governance transformation in Indonesia. Journal of Contemporary Governance and Public Policy, 5(1), 87-110. https://doi.org/10.46507/jcgpp.v5i1.270
Nopriandi, A. (2022). Membangun Smart Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) Melalui Pelatihan. Jurnal Perspektif, 15(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.53746/perspektif.v15i1.65
Nurhasanah, S. U., & Sinambela, J. M. (2022). Digital Transformation In Human Resource Management: Challenges And Opportunities. Brilliant International Journal Of Management And Tourism, 2(3), 307-317. https://doi.org/10.55606/bijmt.v2i3.2907
Nurrahman, A., & Susapto, L. W. (2023). SmartASN, Platform Medsos Para ASN. VALIDNEWS.Id. https://validnews.id/nasional/smartasn-platform-medsos-para-asn
Nyeleker, K. P., Fridayani, H. D., & Chiang, L. C. (2024). SmartASN: A Sustainable Digital Transformation to Human Resource Management in Indonesia’s Bureaucracy 4.0. In SHS Web of Conferences, 204, 04005. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202420404005
OECD. (2020). The OECD digital government policy framework. In OECD Public Governance Policy Papers, OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/f64fed2a-en
OECD. (2024). 2023 OECD Digital Government Index: Results and key findings. In OECD Public Governance Policy Papers.
Pea-Assounga, J. B. B., & Sibassaha, J. L. B. (2024). Impact of technological change, employee competency, and law compliance on digital human resource practices: Evidence from congo telecom. Sustainable Futures, 7, 100195.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2024.100195
Permana, P. I., & Suryanto, A. (2023). SmartASN Diluncurkan, Ini Sejumlah Manfaat Yang Bisa Didapat ASN. Radarl Lampung Online https://radarlampung.disway.id/read/662439/smartasn-diluncurkan-ini-sejumlah-manfaat-yang-bisa-didapat-asn
Prasetyo, D. A. (2023). KemenPAN-RB Soft Launching Platform SmartASN, Diujicobakan di 79 K/L. Detiknews. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7001334/kemenpan-rb-soft-launching-platform-smartasn-diujicobakan-di-79-k-l.
Rafi, M., Suswanta, S., Handoko, T., & Effendi, G. N. (2022, March). Transformation of Public Services through Digital Services in the Covid-19 Era: Efforts Towards Good Governance in Indonesia. In International Conference on Public Organization (ICONPO 2021), 168-176. Atlantis Press. 10.2991/aebmr.k.220209.022
Rahayu, I. R. S., & Sukmana, Y. (2023). Integrasikan Sistem Manajemen ASN, Kemenpan-RB Kenalkan SmartASN. Kompas.com. https://money.kompas.com/read/2023/10/25/170000626/integrasikan-sistem-manajemen-asn-kemenpan-rb-kenalkan-smartasn
Rizaldi, N. (2023). ASN RI Bakal Punya Media Sosial Khusus, Ini Kelebihannya. Teknologi. https://teknologi.id/trending/asn-ri-bakal-punya-media-sosial-khusus-ini-kelebihannya
Ruiz, L., Benitez, J., Castillo, A., & Braojos, J. (2024). Digital human resource strategy: Conceptualization, theoretical development, and an empirical examination of its impact on firm performance. Information & Management, 61(4), 103966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2024.103966
Safitri, A. N. (2023). Pengelolaan Manajemen ASN dengan Baik: SmartASN Solusinya! Yuk Disimak. Klikpendidikan.id. https://www.klikpendidikan.id/news/35810633746/pengelolaan-manajemen-asn-dengan-baik-smartasn-solusinya-yuk-disimak?page=2
Setiawan, A., Nuraini, R., & Sari, E.I. (2023). Pemerintah Kebut Digitalisasi Layanan Publik. Indonesia.go.id. https://indonesia.go.id/kategori/editorial/6836/pemerintah-kebut-digitalisasi-layanan-publik?lang=1
Sudiati. (2023). Transformasi Digital ASN Melalui SmartASN, dengan Rancangan Mirip Media Sosial, Mudah dan Bermanfaat. Klikpendidikan.id. https://www.klikpendidikan.id/news/35810955942/transformasi-digital-asn-melalui-smartasn-dengan-rancangan-mirip-media-sosial-mudah-dan-bermanfaat
Susilawati, S. (2023). Optimizing Public Services in the Digital Society in Indonesia. Jurnal Aktor, 2(2), 75-82.
Syamsiar, S. (2023). The role of digitalization in enhancing public service effectiveness in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi Publik, 13(1), 465. https://doi.org/10.26858/jiap.v13i1.51026
Ummah, A., Maryam, S., & Wahidin, D. T. S. (2022). E-Government Implementation to Support Digital Village in Indonesia: Evidence from Cianjur Village, Bogor Regency. Jurnal Studi Sosial Dan Politik, 6(2), 245-259. 10.19109/jssp.v6i2.14038
Undang, G., Heri, H., Suhendar, D., Nuryani, E., Sulaeman, A., Dhina, M. A., & Darmawan, A. (2023). Policy reformulation action-cycle framework (PRACYF): A case study decentralization and regional autonomy policy in North Sumatra Province. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, 6(2), 65-83. https://doi.org/10.24198/jmpp.v6i2.45021
Wagola, R., Nurmandi, A., Misran, & Subekti, D. (2023, July). Government Digital Transformation in Indonesia. In International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, 286-296. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36001-5_37
Wongsansukcharoen, J., & Thaweepaiboonwong, J. (2023). Effect of Innovations in Human Resource Practices, Innovation Capabilities, and competitive advantage on small and medium enterprises’ performance in Thailand. European research on management and business economics, 29(1), 100210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2022.100210
Yang, C., Gu, M., & Albitar, K. (2024). Government in the digital age: Exploring the impact of digital transformation on governmental efficiency. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 208, 123722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123722
Yuniarti, S., Hadmar, A. M., Zaenuri, M., & Mutiarin, D. (2024). Digital Transformation in Civil Service Management: Implementing the SmartASN Platform. Society, 12(2), 381-396.. https://doi.org/10.33019/society.v12i2.702
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Kerkulah P Nyeleker, Dyah Mutiarin, Ensa Barrow

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.